Today Suryadeep Hospital Provide the brief information regarding Diabetes and
its symptoms.
Diabetes was, until recently, a pancreatic
disorder that we would associate only with our grandparents or very senior
relatives. But now, type 2 diabetes, a devastating disease, has been found in
youngsters and children as well.
It is almost a full-blown epidemic in India with 6.66 crores diabetics having one
or more co-morbid conditions. The sad thing about this disease is that it can
strike without any warning and can give rise to numerous other diseases —
diabetics do not suffer from diabetes alone. There are many more disorders that
affect them. Diabetes can destroy major organs in your body.
Here's more about it.
Type 1 diabetes
- Only 5% of people with diabetes have this type
- Can develop at any age. Symptoms usually start in childhood or young
adulthood
- No known way to prevent it
- Mostly these patients have normal weight or are thin
- Onset of this disease is usually very rapid, may happen in weeks
- There are instances of low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia)
- Often associated with higher than normal ketone levels at diagnosis
- Treated with insulin injections or insulin pump
- Cannot be controlled without taking insulin
Type 2 diabetes
- Around 90-95% of people with diabetes have this type
- Can develop at any age. One may not show any symptoms at all before
diagnosis. Usually the disease is discovered in adulthood
- Most cases can be prevented
- Mostly these patients are overweight or obese
- Onset is very slow, it may take years to develop
- There are usually no instances of low blood sugar level (Unless the person is
taking insulin or certain diabetes medicines)
- Often associated with high blood pressure and/or cholesterol levels at
diagnosis
- Is usually treated initially without medication or with tablets
- Sometimes possible to come off diabetes medication
Other types of this disease
Type 1.5 diabetes
This is the adult version of type 1 diabetes and is also called 'slow onset
type 1' or type 3 diabetes or Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), that
is found in adults over 25-30 years of age.
Gestational diabetes.
When a woman is pregnant, her insulin resistant hormone levels increase. Around
7% of these women's pancreas can't meet the increasing insulin demand and this leads
to gestational diabetes.
Surgically induced diabetes.
Pancreatic surgeries carry the risk of changing one's insulin production
temporarily or otherwise. Frequent blood sugar tests needed to monitor whether
or when medications or insulin injections maybe required.
Chemically induced diabetes.
Steroids like cortisone or prednisone can cause high blood sugar. It can be
treated by prescribed oral diabetes medication or insulin.
Factors
that could lead to diabetes in an otherwise healthy, young and active person
- A strong risk factor is a family history of type 2 diabetes
- A history of gestational diabetes
- Giving birth to a child who weighs more than 9 pounds
- Is already suffering from a heart or blood vessel disease
- When a person has PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome)
Do you have diabetes?
Signs to look out for are:
- Skin infections
- Breathing problems like shortness of breath
- Losing weight inexplicably
- Marked rise in appetite
- Breath that smells sweet and fruity
- Increasingly drying mouth and an increase in thirst
- Frequent urination
- Blurry vision
- Skin that is excessively dry and itchy
- Feelings of nausea, vomiting, irritability
- Sores and wounds healing very slowly
- Extreme weakness
- Feeling tired all the time
- Pins and needles or numbness in feet
Diabetes may lead to
complications like.
- Heart attack
- High blood pressure
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) l Diabetic coma or ketoacidosis (from high
blood sugar)
- Neuropathy
- Nephropathy
- Amputation
- Blindness
- Kidney disease
- Stroke
- Can affect your sex life
To Manage diabetes
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help keep risks at bay
- Eating the right foods and knowing when to stop is the key
- 30 minutes of exercise a day can reduce your risks of developing type 2
diabetes by 40%
- Work with a healthcare professional
Points to ponder
- Around 5 crores diabetics have high blood pressure
-Diabetics tend to develop heart disease or have strokes at an earlier age than
others
- Nearly 1.5 crore diabetics have hypercholesterolemia — the presence of high
levels of cholesterol in the blood. This can lead to cardiovascular disease
- About 8 crore diabetics have abnormal Cardiometabolic Risk Score (a cluster
of risk factors)
- Around 6 crore diabetics have Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation
- Foot problems (diabetic foot) are the leading causes of hospitalisation in
diabetes, accounting for annual expenditure in crores and serious morbidity and
mortality. Source: - TOI TNN | Nov 14, 2014, 12.00 AM
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